Know More..

Category Career Query

India successfully tests Rudram-1: First indigenous anti-radiation missile

The New Generation Anti Radiation Missile (NGRAM), also called RudraM-1, was test-fired from a Su-30 MKI fighter aircraft of the Indian Air Force earlier this month. With a speed of Mach 2 (twice the speed of sound). The missile is capable of bringing down a wide range of enemy radar systems, communication networks and air defence systems within a range of up to 250 km. The missile has been designed to be launched from various fighter aircraft Currently in the inventory of the IAF. It is also equipped with state of the art radiation tracking and guidance system.

Conducting yet another test of a indigenously developed weapons system, the Defence Research and Development Organisation on Friday conducted a successful test of the New Generation Anti Radiation Missile (NGRAM) also called the Rudram-1 at the Integrated Test Range (ITR) in Balasore.

The missile has been designed to be launched from various fighter aircraft currently in the inventory of the Indian Air Force. Defence Minister Rajnath Singh tweeted, “The New Generation Anti-Radiation Missile (Rudram-1) which is India’s first indigenous anti-radiation missile developed by DRDO for Indian Air Force was tested successfully today at ITR, Balasore. Congratulations to DRDO & other stakeholders for this remarkable achievement.”

DRDO scientists said that the missile has been designed to further enhance the Suppression of Enemy Air Defence (SEAD) capability of the IAF. Anti Radiation Missiles are primarily designed to track and neutralise the radar and communication assets of the adversary. Officials said that the development of the anti radiation missiles of this type was started by the DRDO around eight years ago and has been a collaborative effort of various DRDO facilities in India.

 

Picture Credit : Google

Baileys launches ‘Reclaim Her Name’ campaign

Although the year 2020 turned to be an unfortunate one in many ways, female authors around the world were able to find a silver lining. It marked the beginning of a movement to help them their voice. Yes, we are talking about the ‘Reclaim Her Name’ campaign.

For breaking into male-dominated genres or to escape gender bias, throughout history many women have published their books under male or gender-neutral pseudonyms. Much has changed since then, but these books continue to be published under their male pen names.

In a bid to rectify it, Women’s Prize for Friction, along with its sponsor Baileys, re-released the books of 25 female authors with their names for the first time. The book covers too were revamped and illustrated by women.

The series known as “The Reclaim Her Name’ marked the 25th anniversary of the Women’s Prize for Friction. It is aimed at initiating conversations regarding the reasons many female authors had to hide their real names.

One of the books that has been re-released is the classic “Middlemarch”. More than 149 years since its publication, many still do not know that George Eliot was actually the pen name of author Mary Ann Evans.

Born in 1819, Evans adopted a male pseudonym when George Henry Lewes – the English philosopher and critic – encouraged her to take up writing fiction. Evans believed that a male pen name would help her overcome gender bias.

Ironically, “Middlemarch” is a story about women stifled by a patriarchal society.

Some of the books:

  • “Middlemarch” Mary Ann Evans (pseudonym George Eliot)
  • “Marie of the Cabin Club” – Ann Petry (Arnold Petri)
  • “Indiana” – Amantine Aurore Dupin (George Sand)
  • “The Life of Martin R. Delany” – Frances Rollin Whipper (Frank A. Rollin)
  • “Keynotes” Mary Bright (George Egerton)
  • “Attila, My Attila!” – Edith Cooper and Katherine Bradley (Michael Field)
  • “Painted Clay” – Doris Boake Kerr (Capel Boake)
  • “For Our Country” – Fatemeh Soltan Khanum Farahami (Shahein Farahani)
  • “Atla – Story of a lost Island” by Ann Smith (J Gregory Smith)
  • “Twilight” – Julia Frankau (Frank Danby)
  • “The Silence of Dean Maitland” – Mary Tuttiett (Maxwell Gray)
  • “The Head of Medusa” – Julia Constance Fletcher (George Fleming)
  • “Cecilia De Noel” – Mary Hawker (Lanoe Falconer)
  • “Echoes from Mist-land” – Aubertine Woodward Moore (Auber Forestier)
  • “Valerie Aylmer” – Frances Tierman (Christian Reid)
  • “A Diplomat’s Diary” – Julia Cruger (Julien Gordon)
  • “The Roadmender” – Margaret Fairless Barber (Michael Fairless)

 

Picture Credit : Google

What is the career in Graphic Designing?

Doodling for a living

Graphic designing is a form of visual communication. It includes doodling, illustrations, and photography. Doodling as an art form is gaining popularity. With no defend rules, a doodle can be anything that is quirky and funny. It doesn’t need to follow any set pattern. The motive of a doodle is to send across a thought or a message to the audience. It can be social cause or narration of an incident or anything that the illustrators find interesting.

What are the job prospects?

Print, web and other media increasingly focusing on visual appeal to attract subscribers has opened up a plethora of opportunities in the field of graphic design and illustration. Editorial illustrators work or freelance for magazines or newspapers, while book illustrators design children’s adult’s books. Illustrators can also create their own comics and cartoons. Animation studios also hire illustrators and graphic designers.

Required skills

  • Graphic designers or illustrators need to find an individual voice, a distinct style, which will define their work and set them apart from others.
  • Excellent drawing and sketching skills are a perquisite along with a dash of creativity and humour.
  • Ability to come up with interesting ideas for the graphcs, observational skills and ability to meet deadlines.

What to study?

Many colleges offer graphic design and visual design courses. Unfortunately, they don’t yet have courses concentrating solely on illustration. Students have the option of taking up either applied art or fine art and then specializing in illustration.

Where

  • National Institute of Design in Ahmedabad: Bachelor and a Master of Design in Graphic Design.
  • Sir JJ. Institute of Applied Art: Bachelor of Fine Arts and Master of Fine Arts in Applied Art.
  • Srishti Institute of Art, Design, and Technology, Bengaluru: Visual Communication Design specializing in illustration.
  • Karnataka Chitrakala Parishath’s College of Fine Arts, Bengaluru: Bachelors, postgraduate courses and diplomas in Visual, Applied, and Graphic Art.
  • Abroad:
  • Leeds art University, the U.K.: Bachelor of Arts (B.A.) (Hons.) in Comic and Concept Art, B.A. (Hons.) Illustration, B.A. (Hons.) Visual Communication and B.A. (Hons.) in Graphic Design.
  • Kingston University, London, the U.K.: B.A. (Hons.) Graphic Designs; B.A. (Hons.) Illustration Animation.
  • School of Visual Arts, New York City, the U.S.: B.F.A. in Cartooning, B.F.A Illustration, M.F.A Illustration as Visual Essay.
  • Rhode Island School of Design, the U.S.: B.F.A in Graphic Design and illustration.

 

Picture Credit : Google

What is the career in the Sustainable architecture?

Imagine a wall mounted with a vertical garden, harboring different species of plants that act as a natural air filter, counter tops made from recycled made from recycled glass; solar and wind-powered heating and cooling systems. These are the houses of the future. I the face climate change, architects are coming up with creative designs that minimize the negative environmental impact of buildings. This is known as sustainable or green architecture. Modern buildings are responsible for around 19% of global greenhouse gas emissions. Designing sustainable buildings helps reduce emissions, and mitigate the effects of climate change. So if you are interested in making the world a better place, sustainable architecture could be your calling.

How it works

Sustainable architecture uses a conscious approach to energy and ecological conservation in the design of buildings and cities. This is to ensure that our actions and decisions do not have a negative impact on our beloved planet. The role of sustainable architects is to reduce the impact on environment at every stage of building. They make moderate use of materials and energy, and reduce waste. They look for greener alternatives to raw materials that harm the environment, and opt for clean energy to reduce the carbon footprint of the structures.

Required skills

** Understanding of environmental sustainability

** Knowledge of construction and building technology

** Adopting sustainable design to climate change and other environmental challenges

** Expertise in CAD (computer-aided design)

Scope

The field of sustainable building design has gained global importance in the last two decades. Most countries in the world have developed a green rating system for buildings. In some countries sustainable architecture has become mandatory. And so, sustainable architects are in demands in both public and private sectors. The U.S. Green Building Council developed the Leadership in Energy and Environment Design (LEED) programme that certifies qualified individuals as LEED) Green associates. As a LEED Green Associate, you can find job opportunity in architecture firms, consulting services, educational services, engineering services, building, developing and general contracting across the world.

What to study?

Master of Architecture (M.Arch)-Sustainable Architecture is a pre-requisite to work in this field.

Where

India

** College of Architecture, Bhratiya Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Pune: One of the oldest institutes to offer a two-year M.Arch (Sustainable Architecture).

** School of architecture and Planning Vijayawada: Tagged as an institute of national importance by the Ministry of Human Resource Development it offers M.Arch (Sustainable Architecture).

** National Institute of Technology. Hamirpur, Himchal Pradesh: It is one of the few institutes in the country to offer both B.Arch as well as M.Arch in Sustainable Architecture.

Abroad

** Norwegian University of Science and technology M.Sc in sustainable Architecture

** Sheffield University, the U.K: M.Sc in sustainable Architecture Studies

** Yale School of Architecture, the U.S: a specialization in Environmental Design is available under M.Arch.

 

Picture Credit : Google

Tell me something about Camera and Photography?

CAMERAS AND PHOTOGRAPHY

A camera is a device that records an image of a scene, either on photographic film or electronically as a digital photograph. Its main features are a light-proof body, a lens and a shutter. The lens gathers rays of light from the scene that the camera is pointed at and bends them so that all the rays from one point on the scene are focused to meet at the same place at the back of the camera. In this way it makes a small copy of the scene called an image. The shutter opens to allow light from the lens to reach the film or light sensors. Photographic film must be exposed to just the right amount of light in order to create a clear image on the film. The exposure is controlled by adjusting how long the shutter opens for (called the shutter speed) and the size of an opening behind the lens called the aperture.

In 1888 American inventor George Eastman introduced the first Kodak box camera. It helped to make photography a popular hobby because the films could be sent away for developing.

The forerunner of the camera was the camera obscura, used by artists, which made images with a lens, but could not record them. The earliest surviving photograph was taken by Frenchman Joseph Niepce in 1827. It was recorded on a metal plate coated with chemicals that changed very slowly where the image was light but not where it was dark. Photographic processes were soon improved by Frenchman Louis Daguerre, and Englishman William Fox Talbot. Talbot developed the negative-positive process, where the image is recorded as a negative in the camera, and is used to print positive photographs.

In a single-lens reflex (SLR) camera, a mirror and a pentaprism reflect the light from the lens into the viewfinder so that the photographer sees exactly what the image on the film will be. When the shutter-release button is pressed, the mirror flips up out of the way and the shutter opens to let light reach the film.

RECORDING AN IMAGE

Photographic film consists of a plastic strip coated on one side with a layer of light-sensitive chemicals. When light from a scene is focused on to the film in a camera, the chemicals in the bright areas of the image begin to change. The brighter the light, the greater the change. The chemicals remain unchanged in the dark areas. At this stage, the image is simply a pattern of chemicals. It only becomes visible when the film is processed. Colour film contains three layers of chemicals, one to record each of the primary colours of light, which are red, green and blue.

The lmacon high-speed research camera takes photographs just one billionth of a second apart. It can reveal what happens when a bullet hits its target.

DIGITAL PHOTOGRAPHY

A digital camera is a camera in which photographs are stored electronically in digital form rather than on traditional film. The lens focuses light on to a special microchip called a charge-coupled device (CCD). This divides the image into pixels, measures the brightness and colour of each one and digitizes the readings. The digitized image is stored in memory chips or on a floppy disc. The photographs are transferred to a computer, where they can be viewed on screen, edited, added to documents, used to make greetings cards, or attached to e-mails.

MOVIE CAMERAS

American inventor Thomas Edison built his kinetoscope in the late 1891 to show films shot by his kinetograph, which was one of the first movie cameras. The viewer watched the movie, which was on a continuous loop of film, through a slot in the top of the kinetoscope.

A movie film is made up of thousands of photographs called frames on a long roll of film. The frames are taken in quick succession by a movie camera (or cine-camera). A revolving shutter opens to let light hit the film, creating the image for a frame. Then it closes and the film is moved into position for the next frame. This sequence is repeated again and again to photograph 24 frames every second.

A movie projector does the reverse of a camera. It shines a bright light through the film and focuses the rays onto a screen, creating an enlarged image. It shows the frames in quick succession, which creates the illusion of movement.

Picture Credit : Google

What is the career in photography?

With the boom in advertising, media and fashion industry, photography, from a mere hobby, is emerging as a lucrative career choice. Travel and travel documentary photography is one of the most thrilling forms of photography. It offers a chance to travel to less-known places, meet indigenous people, and document their historical and cultural significance.

A pretty picture

 To begin with, you must pick a niche or an area of interest. However, if your interest is not commercially viable, you may have to take an other assignments to pay the bills. Most travel photographers like to strike a balance between assignments that align with their interests and those that are financially lucrative. Once your networks are in place and you ave developed a name for yourself, you may find it necessary to work on assignments that do not interest you.

What are the job prospects?

Careers in photography branch out in different directions. Travel and travel documentary photography hold a plethora of opportunities, as people are interested in travel, especially to less-explored places. This particular branch of photography is similar to photo journalism and focusses on telling stories through images.

Travel magazines, channels and photo-sharing websites recruit travel photographers on a freelance or full-time basis. Most photographers prefer to work as freelancers so that they can take or multiple assignments.

Travel photographers can also freelance for resorts and government tourism departments.

While the world has come to a halt currently because of the coronavirus pandemic, the interest in travel and photography is expected to revive after normalcy returns.

What to study?

One doesn’t need a specific degree to work as a photographer. However, many photography schools in India and abroad offer short-term courses and diplomas in different areas of photography.

Where:

  • Uddan School of Photography in Mumbai, Delhi and Kolkata: One-year and two-year diploma programmes in Commercial Photography.
  • Light and Life Academy in Udhagamandalam Tamil Nadu: Diploma in Travel and Nature Photography.
  • Sri Aurobindo Centre for Arts and Communication, Delhi: Foundation in Photography (two months) and PG Diploma in Professional Photography (16 months).

Abroad:

  • New York Institute of Photography, the U.S.: Online courses – The Complete Course in Professional Photography, Digital Photography: Photoshop for Photographers, Marketing for Photographers, and the Video Making and Storytelling and The Fundamentals of Digital Photography.
  • Goldsmiths University, the U.K.: Master of Arts (M.A.) Photography and Urban Cultures; and M.A. Photography: The Image and Electronic Arts.
  • Speos International Photo School, Paris and London: Courses in Studio Photography and CGI, Sports photography, Photojournalism, and Fashion Photography.

Required skills

  • Passion for photography
  • Knowledge of cameras and angles
  • Creativity of come up with different camera angles and photo ideas
  • Excellent communication skills
  • Ability to tell a story through the photos
  • Patience to wait for the perfect shot
  • Stamina to cope with hectic schedules, travel to remote places and long days
  • Familiarity with digital editing tools
  • Interpersonal and marketing skills
  • Editing skills

 

Picture Credit : Google

What is the career in palaeontology?

The formidable dinosaurs from Jurassic Park and the super-sized parrots that lived on Earth millions of years ago maybe extinct today, but you can learn all about them by studying their petrified remains. By examining fossils of prehistoric plants and animals that existed on Earth, palaentologists try to trace the evolution of life on Earth. What makes their work relevant today, you ask? Well, uncovering details about the past climates and extinctions helps palaeontologists try discover patterns in climate change, and in a way, predict the future. So if you are interested in history and exploring the natural world, the field of palaeontology could be the right fit for you.

How it works?

Palaeontology is the study of fossils to trace the evolution of life on Earth. There are two major branches of palaeontology: vertebrate and invertebrate. Invertebrate palaeontology examines fossils of plants, microbes, molluscs, corals, crabs, shrimps, sea urchins and sponges. There are abundant invertebrate fossils in the world. On the other hand, the fossils of vertebrate are rare and harder to find.

Scope

Palaeontologists work with archaeological departments and geological research institutes in India and overseas. Apart from research, you can teach in universities.

Opportunities:

Here’s a list of specialisations in palaeontology:

  • Microplaeontologists study microscopic fossils.
  • Plaeobotanists conduct research on fossil plants, including algae and fungi.
  • Palynologists study pollen and spores.
  • Human palaeontologists or palaeoanthropologists focus on the fossils of prehistoric humans.
  • Taphonomists study the process that creates fossils.
  • Ichnologists hunt for fossil tracks, trails and footprints, such as the dinosaur tracks found in Arkansas in 2011.

What to study?

Palaeontology is an interdisciplinary field involving geology, archaeology, chemistry, biology and anthropology. Most people prefer to opt for Palaeontology after B.Sc in Geology.

Where to study?

  • Geological Survey of India, Hyderabad, offers a course in palaeontoloy.
  • Jadavpur University, Kolkata teaches palaeontology as part of B.Sc (Geology Honours) and M.Sc (Applied Geology).
  • Hansraj college, University of Delhi: B.Sc (Hons) in Geology

Abroad:

  • University of Birmingham, the U.K.: Palaeontology and Geology B.Sc (Hons)
  • University of Bristol, the U.K.: B.Sc Palaeontology and Evolution.
  • University of Southampton, the U.K.: Master of Research and M.Sc in Geology.
  • University of London, Birkbeck: Two-year certificate course in Earth History and Palaeontology.
  • University of Kansas, the U.S.: MS in Geology.

Required skills

  • Willingness to conduct hard field work in remote locations.
  • Extensive research
  • Patience
  • Deductive and analytical skills

 

Picture Credit : Google

What is the career in marine biology and conservation?

Marine conservation involves a study of marine organisms and evaluating threats posed to them and taking action to protect and rehabilitate them. Working as a marine conservationist can be highly satisfying as you can make a meaningful contribution to the planet, live in exotic places and lead on unconventional work life. Majority of the conservation efforts, today, focus on coral reefs, whales, dolphins, and sea turtles.

What are the prospects?

Although India has a vast coastline, marine conservation is a relatively new field in India. The rising threats to our oceans and the boom in marine sports such as scuba diving and sailing has sparked interest in exploring the ocean and preserving it. Conservation firms and government bodies are in need of experts who can research and advise them on protecting marine life. There are several opportunities for entrepreneurs to come up with their own organizations and initiatives. India holds more potential compared to other countries, which are already saturated with marine biologists.

Required skills

  • Interest in marine conservation
  • Awareness about environmental issues and in-depth knowledge of climate change
  • Knowledge of Chemistry, Physics and Mathematics
  • Numerical and statistics skills
  • Practical fieldwork skills
  • Research-oriented mindset
  • Patience and good observation skills
  • Excellent teamwork and personal communication abilities
  • Ability to work outdoors in all weathers – perhaps at sea

Where to study

Many Indian universities offer a Master of Science (M.Sc.) in Marine Biology, but only Science undergraduate can pursue this postgraduation. Foreign universities offer undergraduate and Master’s courses in both Marine Biology and Conservation.

India

  • Department of Ocean Studies and Marine Biology, Pondicherry University, Port Blair, Andaman and Nicobar campus: M.Sc. Marine Biology
  • Cochin University of Science and Technology Kerala: M.Sc. in Oceanography
  • Veer Narmad South Gujarat University, Surat: M.Sc. (Aquatic Biology)

Abroad

  • University of Tasmania in Australia: Bachelor of Marine and Antarctic science
  • Scripts Institution of Oceanography, University of San Diego, the U.S.: Master of Advanced Studies Program in Marine Biodiversity and Conservation.
  • Florida Institute of Technology, the U.S.: Bachelors in Science (B.S.) in Marine Conservation

Start volunteering!

Solid practical experience is key. Being involved with different projects, working on diverse hypotheses and learning about different species and processes also help keep an open mind while gaining experience beyond your selected subject. Volunteer opportunities are offered everywhere today and are easily found, thanks to the Internet. You can volunteer with Wildlife Rescue and Rehabilitation, Bengaluru, WWF, Reefwatch and other such organizations.

 

Picture Credit : Google

What is the career in the field of Intellectual Property Rights and Copyright law?

In today’s innovation-driven world, where corporate giants clash regularly over ideas and trademarks, copyright laws play and important role. They protect intellectual property (IP), which can be defined as any intangible property that is a product of creativity, and is covered by copyrights, patents and trademarks. With authors, musicians inventors and entrepreneurs lining up to protect their work, careers in intellectual property rights (IPR) are booming.

How it works

Intellectual property law enables individuals to claim exclusive rights and financial gain from what they invent or create, which is a benefit to both creators and the public. IP lawyers procure the right to new ideas and protect the existing creations. The job involves applying for patents, obtaining copyrights and defending it in case of infringement.

What are the job prospects?

There is a lot of patenting activity in countries across the world. And so, the field offers a plethora of jobs ranging from an IPR attorney, who has specialized in copyright infringement law, to patent specialists involved in preparing patents. Intellectual property lawyers also assist in licensing inventions, transferring proprietary technology, drafting licensing agreements, negotiating settlements, and conducting IP due diligence.

What is IP?

Intellectual property is any tangible commodity that is a product of creativity.

What are patents?

A patent is a right granted by the government to inventors in order to exclude others from copying or sharing their products without their permission.

What is a trademark?

A trademark is a word, name, symbol or device that is used in trade with goods to indicate the source of the goods and to distinguish them from the goods of others.

What is a GI tag?

A geographical indication (GI) is a sign used on products that have a specific geographical origin because of which they posses qualities or a reputation. GIs are part of the intellectual property rights that come under the Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property. In India, GI registration is administrated by the Geographical Indications of Goods (Registration and Protection) Act of 1999. GIs are typically used for agricultural products, foodstuff, handicrafts, and industrial products.

What to study?

People from different academic backgrounds can study law. Most law schools offer copyright law as a specialization with the law degree. Some offer separate short-term postgraduate diplomas on the subject.

Where:

  • The Rajiv Gandhi School of Intellectual Property Law, IIT Kharagpur; and Amity Law School, New Delhi: Bachelor of Law (LLB) with specialization in Intellectual Property Rights.
  • N.C. Banerjee Centre for Intellectual Property Rights Studies, NALSAR University of Law, Hyderabad: IP specialization in LLM and PG Diploma in Patent Law.
  • Shri Vile Parle Kelavani Mandal’s Institute of Intellectual Property Studies, Mumbai: PG Diploma in Patent Law and Practice and PG Diploma in Intellectual Property Rights Management.

 

Picture Credit : Google

Dietitian: A ‘healthy’ career choice

With the world dealing with the coronavirus pandemic, dietitians/nutritionists play a very important role in preventive healthcare. They evolve many diet regimes which help in improving immunity and controlling diseases. Today, people from all walks of life, including professionals, sportpersons, businessmen, housewives, and of course people suffering from chronic diseases visit dietitians.

The nutritionist/dietitian’s job is to research the nutritive value of food and understand all food advise people on eating habits and plan diets that will improve health.

With growing general awareness that preventive nutrition can prevent cancer, diabetes, heart attacks, etc. rather than treat a condition after it manifests itself clinically, the role of a dietitian/nutritionist has gained greater significance. Consequently, a career in this field has become attractive.

How to start

On complexion of class XII, science stream students have the option to enroll for the three-year B.Sc/BA course in nutrition but many students study dietetics only after a graduate degree in any one of the following disciplines: home science, medicine, science (with chemistry and/or microbiology), hotel management, and catering. Six-month/one-year certificate/diploma courses in nutrition are also offered by some institutes and universities. You can also sign up for correspondence courses in food and nutrition.

In B.Sc Home Science (Hons), a student can specialise in food & nutrition in the second and third year. The Honours programme admits only students from science backgrounds as its subjects include biochemistry, botany, physics, zoology and chemistry.

At the postgraduate level, you can either do a one-year post graduate diploma in Dietetics and Public Health Nutrition (DDPHN) or a two-year Master’s programme.

Skills and Aptitude

A person opting for a career as dietitian/nutritionist must have an interest in food/food preparation. He/she should also possess good communication skills to interact with people, individually and in groups. In addition he should have patience and a genuine concern for fellow beings.

Career options

  • In hospitals, dietitians work closely with doctors to prepare diet plans for patients as per their needs. They also check quality and hygiene levels in hospital kitchen.
  • In the processed food industry, a dietitian works on the development and improvement of food products and production methods.
  • In hotel industry, dietitians plan for different types of guests and also supervise food production process.
  • Spas and clinics hire dietitians to use them for designing healthy, low-calorie monthly food charts for their customers.
  • Nutritionists have a slightly different field. They work in the areas of food science, community development, research projects and FMCG companies. Their work relates to research aspect. They go beyond diets and move into the science of biochemistry and food science.

 

Picture Credit : Google