What is diabetes?
Diabetes is an illness that is caused when the body does not produce enough insulin. The result is that large amounts of glucose build up in the blood and the person has to urinate frequently to get rid of it. At the same time the loss of fluid makes the person very thirsty. A diabetic person may lose weight, because the body breaks down body fat when it cannot get energy from glucose, Sometimes the insulin shortage can be corrected by drugs or, in the case of severe diabetes, by having regular insulin injections of insulin.
What happens when I am frightened?
When you are frightened, hormones help to prepare you to fight or to run away. This is a primitive reaction that all human beings still have, and it can affect our day-to-day behaviour. A hormone called adrenalin is released from the adrenal glands, which are small glands attached to the kidneys. Adrenalin readies the body for instant action. It makes your heart beat faster and you breathe more deeply. The increased blood flow releases energy from the stored food materials, ready to provide power for the muscles to work.
Adrenalin causes the pupils of the eye to open wider, improving vision. Also, it makes digestive processes stop, allowing energy and blood to be channelled to other important areas. Blood is channelled away from the skin, so you become pale, and tiny muscles in the skin contract making your hairs stand on end, causing ‘gooseflesh’.
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