What are the disturbances that occur on the surface of the Sun due to the nuclear reactions within?
The nuclear reactions within the Sun cause tremendous upheavals inside the Sun, resulting in disturbances on the surface of the Sun. These disturbances usually take the form of granulation, spicules and prominences.
What is granulation?
Granulation refers to the wavy appearance of the Sun due to the fact that the surface of the Sun is in a state of constant agitation.
What are super granules?
Super granules are bubbles of gas rising very slowly from the interior of the Sun and breaking through the surface. A super granule may even take a million years to rise from the centre of the Sun to the surface.
However, once it breaks through the surface, it dissipates in less than half a day. A super granule is about 30,000 km wide. It is still tiny compared to the size of the Sun.