The Hobbit, fantasy novel by J.R.R. Tolkien, published in 1937. The novel introduced Tolkien’s richly imagined world of Middle Earth in its Third Age and served as a prologue to his The Lord of the Rings.
The origins of the name and idea of “hobbits” have been debated; literary antecedents include Sinclair Lewis’s 1922 novel Babbitt, and Edward Wyke Smith’s 1927 The Marvellous Land of Snergs. There is a disputed connection with old names for ghostly creatures, which include boggles, hobbits, and hobgoblins. Some scholars have noted correspondences with rabbits, but Tolkien emphatically rejected a relationship with rabbits, and emphasized hobbits’ humanity.
Halflings appear as a race in Dungeons & Dragons, the original name hobbits being later avoided for legal reasons. The usage has been taken up by fantasy authors including Terry Brooks, Jack Vance, and Clifford D. Simak.
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